There is increase interest in using chlorine dioxide to treat drinking water for trihalomethane control, taste and odor control, oxidation of iron and manganese , and oxidant-enhanced coagulation-sedimentation. The physical, chemical, and biological properties of chlorine dioxide as they relate to water treatment. The generation reactions as well as the reaction likely to occur in treated water are presented. In addition, the biological properties of chlorine dioxide are reviewed and compared with other common disinfectants.
Chlorine dioxide was discovered in 1811 by Sir Humphrey Davy, who called the green-yellow was euchlorine. Davy produced the gas euchlorine. Davy produced the gas by acidifying potassium chlorate with sulfuric acid. The first reference in the literature to chlorite was that of Millon, who obtained a green-yellow gas by acidifying potassium.